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Propagation is saturation under deterministic inference. The basic inference rules as well the inference rules corresponding to the non-basic constraints are applied repeatedly until a fix point is reached, i.e. until the partial information about the assignment can no longer be improved. At this point, there are 3 possibilities:
was derived, i.e. we have arrived at a contradiction and this branch of the search must be abandoned since it cannot lead to a solution.
All variables are determined: the assignment is fully known and satisfies the constraints. This is a solution.
At least one variable is not yet determined. At this point we need search and non-deterministically apply a distribution rule.
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