Require Import Undecidability.StringRewriting.SR.
Require Import Undecidability.Shared.ListAutomation.
Require Import Setoid Morphisms Lia.
Import ListAutomationNotations.
Local Set Implicit Arguments.
Local Unset Strict Implicit.

Import RuleNotation.

(* *Some basic things concerning lists *)

Lemma cons_inj {X} (x1 x2 : X) l1 l2 :
  x1 :: l1 = x2 :: l2 -> x1 = x2 /\ l1 = l2.
Proof.
   now inversion 1.
Qed.

Lemma list_prefix_inv'' X (a : X) x u y v :
  ~ a el u -> ~ a el v -> x ++ a :: y = u ++ a :: v -> x = u /\ y = v.
Proof.
  induction x in u, v |- *; intros Hu Hv H; cbn in *.
  - destruct u. split. reflexivity. now inversion H. inversion H; subst. cbn in Hu. tauto.
  - destruct u.
    + inversion H; subst. destruct Hv. eauto.
    + inversion H; subst. eapply IHx in H2 as [-> ->]; eauto.
Qed.

Lemma list_prefix_inv' X (a a' : X) x u y v :
~ In a' x -> ~ In a u ->
x ++ a :: y = u ++ a' :: v -> a = a' /\ x = u /\ y = v.
Proof.
    intro. revert u.
    induction x; intros; destruct u; inversion H1; subst; try now firstorder.
    eapply IHx in H4; try now firstorder. intuition congruence.
Qed.

Lemma list_prefix_inv X (a : X) x u y v :
  ~ a el x -> ~ a el u -> x ++ a :: y = u ++ a :: v -> x = u /\ y = v.
Proof.
  intro. revert u.
  induction x; intros; destruct u; inv H1; try now firstorder.
    eapply IHx in H4; try now firstorder. intuition congruence.
Qed.

Lemma split_inv X (u z x y : list X) (s : X) :
  u ++ z = x ++ s :: y -> ~ s el u -> exists x' : list X, x = u ++ x'.
Proof.
  revert u. induction x; cbn; intros.
  - destruct u. cbn. eauto. inv H. firstorder.
  - destruct u. cbn. eauto.
    inv H. edestruct IHx. cbn. rewrite H3. reflexivity. firstorder. subst. cbn. eauto.
Qed.

Lemma in_split X (a : X) (x : list X) :
  a el x -> exists y z, x = y ++ [a] ++ z.
Proof.
  induction x; cbn; intros.
  - firstorder.
  - destruct H as [-> | ].
    + now exists [], x.
    + destruct (IHx H) as (y & z & ->).
      now exists (a0 :: y), z.
Qed.

(* * Definitions *)

Local Definition symbol := nat.
Local Definition string := (string nat).
Local Definition card : Type := (string * string).
Local Definition stack := list card.
Local Definition SRS := SRS nat.
Implicit Types a b : symbol.
Implicit Types x y z : string.
Implicit Types d e : card.
Implicit Types A R P : stack.

Coercion sing (n : nat) := [n].

(* ** String Rewriting *)

Lemma rewt_induct :
  forall (R : SRS) z (P : string -> Prop),
    (P z) ->
    (forall x y : string, rew R x y -> rewt R y z -> P y -> P x) -> forall s, rewt R s z -> P s.
Proof.
  intros. induction H1; firstorder.
Qed.
Scheme rewt_ind' := Induction for rewt Sort Prop.

Instance PreOrder_rewt R : PreOrder (rewt R).
Proof.
  split.
  - econstructor.
  - hnf. intros. induction H; eauto using rewR, rewS.
Qed.
Lemma rewt_app_L R x x' y : rewt R x x' -> rewt R (y ++ x) (y ++ x').
Proof.
  induction 1. reflexivity.
  inv H.
  replace (y ++ x0 ++ u ++ y1) with ((y ++ x0) ++ u ++ y1).
  econstructor. econstructor. eassumption. simpl_list. eassumption.
  now simpl_list.
Qed.

Instance Proper_rewt R : Proper (rewt R ==> rewt R ==> rewt R) (@app symbol).
Proof.
  hnf. intros. hnf. intros. induction H.
  - now eapply rewt_app_L.
  - inv H. transitivity (x1 ++ u ++ (y1 ++ x0)). now simpl_list.
    econstructor. econstructor. eassumption. rewrite <- IHrewt. now simpl_list.
Qed.

Lemma rewt_subset R P x y :
  rewt R x y -> R <<= P -> rewt P x y.
Proof.
  induction 1; intros.
  - reflexivity.
  - inv H. eapply rewS; eauto.
    eapply rewB. eauto.
Qed.

Lemma rewt_left R x y z :
  rewt R x y -> rew R y z -> rewt R x z.
Proof.
  induction 1; eauto.
  + intros. eapply rewS; eauto. eapply rewR.
  + intros. eapply rewS; eauto.
Qed.

Lemma rew_subset (R P : SRS) x y :
  rew R x y -> incl R P -> SR.rew P x y.
Proof.
  intros H1 H2. inversion H1; subst.
  econstructor. eauto.
Qed.

Lemma rew_app_inv (R1 R2 : SR.SRS nat) x y :
  SR.rew (R1 ++ R2) x y <-> SR.rew R1 x y \/ SR.rew R2 x y.
Proof.
  split.
  - inversion 1 as [x0 y0 u v H0]; subst; eapply in_app_iff in H0 as [H0 | H0].
    + left. econstructor. eauto.
    + right. econstructor. eauto.
  - intros [H | H]; eapply rew_subset; eauto.
Qed.

Lemma do_rew (R : SRS) x1 x2 x y u v :
  In (u, v) R ->
  x1 = x ++ u ++ y ->
  x2 = x ++ v ++ y ->
  rew R x1 x2.
Proof.
  intros; subst; now econstructor.
Qed.

(* ** Post Grammars *)

Fixpoint sigma (a : symbol) A :=
  match A with
    nil => [a]
  | x/y :: A => x ++ (sigma a A) ++ y
  end.

(* ** Alphabets *)

Fixpoint sym (R : list card) :=
  match R with
    [] => []
  | x / y :: R => x ++ y ++ sym R
  end.

Lemma sym_app P R :
  sym (P ++ R) = sym P ++ sym R.
Proof.
  induction P as [ | [] ]; eauto; cbn; rewrite IHP. now simpl_list.
Qed.

Lemma sym_map X (f : X -> card) l Sigma :
  (forall x : X, x el l -> sym [f x] <<= Sigma) -> sym (map f l) <<= Sigma.
Proof.
  intros. induction l as [ | ]; cbn in *.
  - firstorder.
  - pose proof (H a). destruct f. repeat eapply incl_app.
    + eapply app_incl_l, H0. eauto.
    + eapply app_incl_l, app_incl_R; eauto.
    + eauto.
Qed.

Lemma sym_word_l R u v :
  u / v el R -> u <<= sym R.
Proof.
  induction R; cbn; intros.
  - eauto.
  - destruct a as (u', v'). destruct H; try inv H; eauto.
Qed.

Lemma sym_word_R R u v :
  u / v el R -> v <<= sym R.
Proof.
  induction R; cbn; intros.
  - eauto.
  - destruct a as (u', v'). destruct H; try inv H; eauto.
Qed.

#[export] Hint Resolve sym_word_l sym_word_R : core.

Lemma sym_mono A P :
  A <<= P -> sym A <<= sym P.
Proof.
  induction A as [ | (x,y) ]; cbn; intros.
  - firstorder.
  - repeat eapply incl_app; eauto.
Qed.

Lemma rewt_sym R x y Sigma:
  sym R <<= Sigma -> x <<= Sigma -> rewt R x y -> y <<= Sigma.
Proof.
  intros. induction H1.
  - eauto.
  - inv H1. eapply IHrewt. repeat eapply incl_app.
    + eapply app_incl_l. eauto.
    + rewrite <- H. eapply sym_word_R. eauto.
    + eapply app_incl_R, app_incl_R. eauto.
Qed.

(* *** Fresh symbols *)

Fixpoint fresh (l : list nat) :=
  match l with
  | [] => 0
  | x :: l => S x + fresh l
  end.

Lemma fresh_spec' l a : a el l -> a < fresh l.
Proof.
  induction l.
  - firstorder.
  - cbn; intros [ | ]; firstorder lia.
Qed.

Lemma fresh_spec (a : symbol) (l : string) : a el l -> fresh l <> a.
Proof.
  intros H % fresh_spec'. intros <-. lia.
Qed.

(*
TODO move
Definition CFP '(R, a) := exists A : SRS, A <<= R /\ A <>  /\ sigma a A = rev (sigma a A).
Definition CFI '(R1, R2, a) := exists A1 A2, A1 <<= R1 /\ A2 <<= R2 /\ A1 <>  /\ A2 <>  /\ sigma a A1 = sigma a A2.
*)